从汽车诞生时起，汽车变速器在汽车传动系中扮演着至关重要的角色。现代汽车上广泛采用内燃机作为动力源，其转矩和转速变化范围较小，而复杂的使用条件则要求汽车的动力性和燃油经济性能在相当大的范围内变化。为解决这一矛盾，在传动系统中设置了变速器。设计的主要内容包括变速器传动机构布置方案的确定，变速器主要参数如挡数、传动比范围、中心距、各挡传动比、外形尺寸、齿轮参数、各挡齿轮齿数的选择，齿轮、轴、轴承的设计校核，同步器、操纵机构及箱体的设计。在设计的过程中，本文根据轿车变速器的设计要求和车辆动力传动系统自身的特点，参考多篇文献资料，以及国内外变速器设计图册，从经济性和实用性方面着手进行分析,设计出一种两轴式变速器。

 

Since automobile was born, the transmission has played a critical role in the drive train. A modern car widely uses engines as the power source. The range of torque and speed are small, but complex using conditions require the automobile’s dynamic and fuel economical efficiency can change in a very large range. To solve this contradiction, transmission is set up in the drive train. The main design contents include the layout program of transmission drive-mechanism, the selection of main transmission parameters such as shifts, the range of gear ratio, center-spacing, each gear ratio, size, gear parameters and the mumble of each gear, the design and verification of gears, shafts and bearings, the design of synchronizer, manipulation-framework and gearbox. Bases on the design requirement and the characteristic of power transmission system, consulting a great deal of literatures and transmission design drafts from both home and overseas, at economical efficiency and practicability angle, a small kind of two-shafted transmission is designed.

 

Key words: Transmission；Shell；Gear；Shaft；Design