基于单片机的自动停车器设计

摘  要

汽车自动驾驶作为现代社会的新产物，并且在汽车无人驾驶开发出来的各种功能如跟踪、循迹、避障、自动停泊等，这些功能让生产工作，日常生活变得更加智能，自动化程度更进一步。目前，关于汽车自动停车器的研究越来越成为社会关注的焦点。这次的毕业设计是将STC89C52单片机为核心，由直流电机作为驱动，通过红外线传感器来发出跟踪信号，来实现汽车自动停车器的跟踪功能。论文先对自动功能做了整体的介绍，然后对停车器的硬件如单片机，传感器做了介绍。最后在理解硬件的原理的基础上，使用C语言编程和Keil软件与烧写软件实现自动的功能。

关键词：单片机；智能；停车器；红外传感器

Abstract

As a new product of modern society, auto-driving has developed various functions such as tracking, tracing, obstacle avoidance, automatic parking and so on. These functions make production work and daily life more intelligent. The degree of automation goes a step further. At present, the research on auto-parking device has become the focus of social attention more and more. In this graduation project, STC89C52 single chip microcomputer is used as the core, DC motor as the driver, infrared sensor to send out the tracking signal, to realize the tracking function of the auto parking device. In this paper, the automatic function is introduced firstly, and then the function of the parking device is introduced in detail. Hardware such as single-chip microcomputer, sensors are introduced. Finally, on the basis of understanding the principle of hardware, we use C language programming, Keil software and burn-write software to realize the automatic function.

Key words: single chip microcomputer; intelligence; parking device; infrared sensor

目   录

摘  要I

AbstractII

1绪论1

1.1课题研究背景1

1.2国内外发展现状1

1.3汽车自动停车器的研究目的2

1.4课题研究的意义2

2汽车停车器的功能设计3

2.1汽车自动停车器的设计要求3

2.2停车器的主要功能3

3汽车自动停车器的硬件设计5

3.1汽车自动停车器的硬件组成5

3.2 STC89C52RC单片机的电路以及引脚介绍5

3.3电机驱动模块7

3.4传感器模块8

3.5 电源供电系统11

3.6 LCD1602液晶显示模块11

4汽车自动停车器的软件设计13

4.1开发软件KeiluVision5与STC-ISP的介绍13

4.2跟踪系统主程序分析15

4.3电机驱动程序16

4.4红外传感器程序16

4.5 LCD1602液晶显示程序17

5汽车自动停车器功能测试19

5.1汽车自动停车器的功能测试19

5.2发现问题与解决问题的方案19

6结论和展望20

6.1结论20

6.2展望20

参考文献21

致  谢22

附录：红外遥控程序23